Health Canada Approves New Indication for ERLEADA®* (apalutamide) for the Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer (mCSPC)
In the Phase 3 TITAN study, ERLEADA®, in combination with androgen deprivation therapy, achieved statistical significance in dual primary endpoints of overall survival and radiographic progression-free survival in patients with mCSPC regardless of extent of disease
TORONTO, Dec. 16, 2019 /CNW/ - The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson announced today that Health Canada, following a Priority Review, has approved ERLEADA® (apalutamide) for the treatment of patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC).1
This approval is based on results from the Phase 3 TITAN study, which achieved statistical significance in the dual primary endpoints of overall survival (OS) and radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) at the first pre-planned interim analysis.2 The trial recruited patients with both high- and low-volume disease burden, high- and low-risk disease, and previously treated, relapsed or newly diagnosed disease.1,3Results were presented at the 2019 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting and simultaneously published in The New England Journal of Medicine.
Prior to this approval, there has not been a treatment option in Canada that delays disease progression and extends overall survival for patients with prostate cancer regardless of their disease stage, risk or disease volume.
"Given the urgency to delay the progression of metastatic prostate cancer, there continues to be a need for additional therapeutic options beyond traditional androgen deprivation therapy," said Dr. Fred Saad, Professor and Chief of Urology, University of Montreal Hospital Center.** "This new indication for ERLEADA® represents an important advancement for patients regardless of the extent of their disease and may enable some patients with mCSPC to live longer."
In the TITAN study, ERLEADA® plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) significantly extended OS compared to placebo plus ADT, with a 33 per cent reduction in the risk of death (HR=0.67; 95 per cent CI, 0.51-0.89; P=0.0053).1 ERLEADA® plus ADT also significantly improved rPFS compared to placebo plus ADT, with a 52 per cent lower risk of radiographic progression or death (HR=0.48; 95 per cent CI, 0.39-0.60; P<0.0001).1 As reported in the published results from the TITAN study, the two-year OS rates, after a median follow-up of 22.7 months, were 82 per cent for ERLEADA® plus ADT compared to 74 per cent for placebo plus ADT.2 Based on these results, the Independent Data-Monitoring Committee recommended unblinding the study to allow crossover of patients receiving placebo plus ADT to receive ERLEADA®plus ADT.
"While the relative survival rate for regional or localized prostate cancer is nearly 100 per cent after five years, we still lose three in four patients with distant or advanced prostate cancer," said Dr. Stuart Edmonds, Vice President, Research, Health Promotion and Survivorship, Prostate Cancer Canada.*** "Canadian families facing mCSPC need more treatment options to help them live longer and spend more time together, and we are pleased that there is an option to fill that gap."
About the TITAN Study1 TITAN is a Phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study in patients with mCSPC. The study included 1,052 patients in 23 countries across 260 sites in North America, Latin America, South America, Europe, and Asia Pacific. Patients with mCSPC were randomized 1:1 and received either ERLEADA® (240 mg) plus ADT (n=525) or placebo plus ADT (n=527).1 The recruitment period for the study spanned from December 2015 to July 2017.2 The study included patients with mCSPC, including those with high- or low-volume disease, previous docetaxel use, previous treatment for localized disease, and those who had either relapsed from localized prostate cancer or newly diagnosed disease.1
An Independent Data-Monitoring Committee was commissioned to monitor safety and efficacy.1 Dual primary endpoints of the study were OS and rPFS.1 Secondary endpoints included time to cytotoxic chemotherapy, time to pain progression, time to chronic opioid use, and time to skeletal-related event.1 Exploratory endpoints included time to PSA progression, PFS2, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and time to symptomatic local progression.2 For additional study information, visit ClinicalTrials.gov.
The most common adverse reactions (≥15 per cent) that occurred more frequently in ERLEADA®-treated patients (≥2 per cent over placebo) from the randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial were hot flush, fatigue, arthralgia, rash and hypertension.1
About Prostate Cancer and mCSPC Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among Canadian men.3 Approximately one in seven men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in their lifetime and one in 29 will die from the disease.4
Metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC), also known as metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), refers to prostate cancer that still responds to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and has spread beyond the prostate to other areas of the body.5
About ERLEADA® ERLEADA® is an androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor indicated for the treatment of patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) and for the treatment of patients with mCSPC.1
ERLEADA® received Health Canada approval for nmCRPC on July 3, 2018 and was approved for mCSPC on December 13, 2019. ERLEADA® is taken orally, once daily, with or without food.1
The Canadian Urological Association (CUA) and the Canadian Urological Oncology Group (CUOG) Guidelines for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) recommend clinicians offer apalutamide (ERLEADA®) as a treatment option for patients living with high-risk nmCRPC, defined as a PSA doubling time (PSADT) of less than 10 months, with an estimated life expectancy of greater than five years.6
For full Product Monograph and more information about ERLEADA®, please visit www.janssen.com/canada.
About the Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson At Janssen, we're creating a future where disease is a thing of the past. We're the Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, working tirelessly to make that future a reality for patients everywhere by fighting sickness with science, improving access with ingenuity, and healing hopelessness with heart. We focus on areas of medicine where we can make the biggest difference: Cardiovascular & Metabolism, Immunology, Infectious Diseases & Vaccines, Neuroscience, Oncology, and Pulmonary Hypertension.
*All trademark rights used under license. **Dr. Saad was not compensated for any media work. He has been compensated as a consultant. ***Prostate Cancer Canada was not compensated for any media work. Prostate Cancer Canada has received funds for patient engagement.
Cautions Concerning Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains "forward-looking statements" as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 regarding ERLEADA®. The reader is cautioned not to rely on these forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current expectations of future events. If underlying assumptions prove inaccurate or known or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, actual results could vary materially from the expectations and projections of Janssen Inc., any of the other Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies and/or Johnson & Johnson. Risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: challenges and uncertainties inherent in product research and development, including the uncertainty of clinical success and of obtaining regulatory approvals; uncertainty of commercial success; manufacturing difficulties and delays; competition, including technological advances, new products and patents attained by competitors; challenges to patents; product efficacy or safety concerns resulting in product recalls or regulatory action; changes in behavior and spending patterns of purchasers of health care products and services; changes to applicable laws and regulations, including global health care reforms; and trends toward health care cost containment. A further list and descriptions of these risks, uncertainties and other factors can be found in Johnson & Johnson's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2018, including in the sections captioned "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" and "Item 1A. Risk Factors," and in the company's most recently filed Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and the company's subsequent filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Copies of these filings are available online at www.sec.gov, www.jnj.com or on request from Johnson & Johnson. None of the Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies nor Johnson & Johnson undertakes to update any forward-looking statement as a result of new information or future events or developments.
References
1 ERLEADA® Canadian Product Monograph. December 3, 2019.
2 Chi, K. Apalutamide for Metastatic, Castration Sensitive Prostate Cancer. New England Journal of Medicine. Accessed September 2019.
6 Saad F, Aprikian A, Finelli A, et al. 2019 Canadian Urological Association (CUA)-Canadian Uro Oncology Group (CUOG) guideline: Management of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Can Urol Assoc J. 2019;13(10):307-314.
SOURCE Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson
Two Homes for the Holidays . . . and How Divorce Affects Your Children
By Hara Wachholder
At the young age of two, I became quite the traveler. Well . . . not in the way you might think. I did not have extra miles sitting on a card to travel around the country. My traveling consisted of venturing several times a month between two cities about twenty minutes apart. What sounds like an easy trip between neighboring towns felt like a journey that never seemed to end.
I am the adult daughter of divorced parents. While I now have the ability to decide who to visit, I was not given this privilege until the age of seventeen or eighteen. Instead, I would bounce back and forth like a ping pong ball between my parents’ homes for over fifteen years. Just as I would start to get comfortable somewhere, I would have to pack my bag and start all over again.
I am not going to sugar-coat this. Being the child of divorced parents can be traumatizing. Parents tend to argue over who will get to have their child for birthdays and holidays as well as for spring, summer, and winter break. Plus, there is the issue of different parenting styles and different rules in each of the households. Children are often caught in the middle witnessing the arguments or at least sensing the tension if they are not directly involved. Trust me when I say that children know a lot more than they may let on. On a personal note, I did not want to hurt anyone’s feelings, so I chose to continue to shuffle back and forth between my parents without speaking up for myself. There are many children out there that have also selected this path.
This is why I have chosen to share my perspective as a child of divorce. There are so many thoughts and feelings that swirl through the mind and heart of a child. No child can prepare themselves for what is to come, and this is my point to all of the divorcing or divorced parents out there. Yes, I know you are hurting; however, you still have the crucial job of raising your children and supporting them before, during, and after this difficult process. We, the children of divorced or divorcing parents, often feel like collateral damage, a pawn being dangled or a prize to be won.
I want you to think about this as you put together a structured plan for your children or begin the very overwhelming process of fighting for custody. This is a huge transition and not an easy one. This is not about maintaining control or “winning” in the outcome. This is about taking the time to understand the needs and concerns of your children.
During the holiday season, there can be added pressures. For instance, parents may feel it is necessary to create the illusion that everything is “picture perfect” and are waiting until after the holidays to drop the bomb of the divorce. There might be some parents who choose to try to keep everything the same, including past holiday traditions to avoid upsetting anyone. There are also the parents who feel that they have to overcompensate now that they are alone. Or we have the parents that want to compete with their former spouse to provide the children with better gifts or more exciting holiday plans like a week-long cruise to the Caribbean.
Of course, in the eyes of a child, the thought of double the gifts can be quite appealing. However, double the gifts does not mean that it will cancel out the fact that their lives are changing. If, as you are reading this article, you realize that you have been guilty of the aforementioned examples, it is important to remember that the holiday season would be a great time to establish new traditions that meet the needs of your new family dynamic as well as focus on creating a more positive environment for yourself and your children. That would be a very meaningful gift to give this year. As the saying goes, “Stay in your lane!” Focus on your relationship with your child and make new memories rather than making this a competition.
Speaking of holiday gifts, I have the pleasure of announcing the release of my new book. My Parents Are Getting a Divorce . . . I Wonder What Will Happen to Me is an interactive discussion book written by yours truly and my mother, Karen Kaye. As a mother-daughter team of therapists with personal and professional experience with divorce, we wanted to provide a bridge of understanding between parents and their children. Our book creates a safe space for children to share their innermost thoughts and feelings while also teaching healthy coping skills for children to empower themselves during a chaotic and confusing time in their lives. The goal is to take children out of the middle and provide them with a voice as well as the tools that will allow them to grow into healthy, balanced individuals.
Hara Wachholder, LMHC is a licensed mental health counselor with the State of Florida and received her master’s degree in counseling from Nova Southeastern University. It was after the resolution of the long-winded custody battle between her parents that Hara recognized her calling to help others going through the same struggle. Hara Wachholder is currently the clinical director for a family therapy center located in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
5 SIGNS YOU MAY BE A HYPOCHONDRIAC AND HOW TO TREAT IT
It is hard not to be a hypochondriac when each click of the mouse leads you to a news story about an illness or an alarming new study. With continuous medical research and findings, this can perpetuate health anxiety. Never before have laypeople had so much health information at their fingertips 24/7. What happens when this becomes an obsession and one is routinely convinced he/she is suffering from the “disease du jour?” We turned to Board Certified NYC Internist and Gastroenterologist Dr. Niket Sonpal and New York-based Neuropsychologist, Dr. Sanam Hafeez, for a better understanding of the signs and treatment for hypochondriacs.
According to Dr. Sonpal, the following are signs that you may be too worried about your health and wellness:
Frequent Doctor Visits
Dr. Sonpal recalls the same patient coming in regularly asking him to “check this lump on my neck,” “is the color of my tongue normal?” “Listen to my heart, I think it beats too fast… Hypochondriacs are consumed by the uncertainty of medicine and fearful that the disease is, in fact, inside them. If you find yourself “visiting” doctors regularly and you are found to be healthy, you may have health anxiety that requires the attention of a therapist not a physician.
Incessantly Online
From a medical standpoint, Google can be a great tool if used correctly. “For a hypochondriac, Google is like crack-cocaine,” says Dr. Sonpal. There is always a disease or a symptom that the hypochondriac can link to him or herself. Hypochondriacs tend to be more obsessive and convince themselves that if they feel something or see something on their body, it is always the worst-case scenario.
Avoidance
As a result of the overwhelming fear of getting an illness, individuals suffering from hypochondria may avoid certain places or activities that could potentially pose a health risk. A study conducted by Harvard Medical School states that an “avoidant group was found to have higher levels of hypochondriacal symptom severity, functional impairment, and anxiety, as well as lower quality of life.” From these results, we can link avoidance to some of the characteristics of hypochondriac patients. If it’s flu season, the hypochondriac may avoid airplanes, movie theatres or other enclosed crowded public areas where they feel germs are more likely to spread. This gives them a false sense of security from illness.
Repetitive Body Checks
Most individuals might not notice a bruise on their leg that occurred from a minor fall a few days earlier. Still, individuals with hypochondria analyze their entire body for signs of illness. The constant body checks often result in the mind being more likely to notice subtle changes that many people would not see. Another effect of hypochondria can be seen in obsessing over a specific organ in the body and repeatedly demanding that area be checked.
Total Avoidance of Doctors
Juxtaposed to the patient who visits doctors all the time, is the person who is so deathly afraid of finding out something is wrong, that they skip important medical visits like yearly physicals, mammograms, gynecology visits, dental visits etc. For this group of people, this is dangerous. By the time something is caught, it can be at an advanced stage.
Dr. Sanam Hafeez provides insight on how to manage hypochondria and what steps to take to move forward:
Find a Physician Who Understands That You Are a Hypochondriac
Find a physician who you can confide in, and confess, “I have health anxiety.” This will enable the physician to treat you more effectively from a physical and mental health standpoint.
Stop Googling
In the age of health blogs, DIYS, and self-diagnosis tutorials, the internet is filled with erroneous information that can add to a hypochondriac’s medical anxiety. Staying offline provides individuals with the ability to prevent the constant checking and worrying that increases their anxiety.
Cognitive Behavorial Therapy
C.B.T. breaks down unrealistic or unhelpful thoughts and encourages patients to replace them with more rational ideas. They can then learn to cope more realistically with anxiety-provoking situations. The therapy has been shown to remain effective in reducing symptoms of health anxiety for at least a year, and if needed, its benefit can be reinforced by a brief refresher.
Meditation
For individuals who want to try to manage their health anxiety on their own, meditation is advised. Hypochondria tends to stem from the lack of control over your body, which can lead to obsession over our health. Meditation allows individuals to connect with themselves while being able to manage their stress. This relaxation technique helps ease overall anxiety and additionally provides better coping mechanisms for improving your overall functioning.
Dr. Niket Sonpal is an Adjunct Assistant Professor at Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine and Clinical instructor at Kingsbrook Jewish Medical Center, Brooklyn who specializes in gastroenterology. He is a graduate of Medical University of Silesia – Hope Medical Institute in Poland. After completing his residency in Internal Medicine at Lenox Hill Hospital, he was selected to be the 2013‐2014 Chief Resident at Lenox Hill Hospital–Northshore LIJ Health System. Dr. Sonpal has completed his Fellowship in gastroenterology & hepatology at Lenox Hill Hospital and continues his work in the field of medical student and resident test preparation. He now serves as the associate program director for the Internal Medicine Residency Program at Brookdale University medical center. He is the co‐author for the best-selling Master the Boards: USMLE Step 2 CK, Master the Boards Step 3, And Master the Boards: Internal Medicine. He is also the Chief Operating Officer for Medquest Test Prep, Director of Medical Education for Picmonic Test Prep, and a recognized expert on medical test prep.
Dr. Sanam Hafeez
Dr. Sanam Hafeez PsyD is a NYC based licensed clinical psychologist, teaching faculty member at the prestigious Columbia University Teacher’s College and the founder and Clinical Director of Comprehensive Consultation Psychological Services, P.C. a neuropsychological, developmental and educational center in Manhattan and Queens. Dr. Hafeez masterfully applies her years of experience connecting psychological implications to address some of today’s common issues such as body image, social media addiction, relationships, workplace stress, parenting and psychopathology (bipolar, schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, etc.). In addition, Dr. Hafeez works with individuals who suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), learning disabilities, attention and memory problems, and abuse. Dr. Hafeez often shares her credible expertise to various news outlets in New York City and frequently appears on CNN and
CoBank Releases 2020 Year Ahead Report – Forces That Will Shape
the U.S. Rural Economy
Challenges remain in the forecast for rural economies
DENVER (December 12, 2019)—The U.S. rural economy will continue to face headwinds in 2020 and is expected to underperform relative to the economy of urban America. Since 2014, GDP growth in rural counties has averaged almost 1% less than in urban counties. That trend is likely to continue without a significant upswing in agricultural commodity prices, energy exploration, rural manufacturing and other industries upon which rural economic growth depend.
Despite that bearish prognosis, there is room for optimism, according to a comprehensive 2020 outlook report from CoBank’s Knowledge Exchange division. The U.S. farm economy has demonstrated its resiliency in the face of trade wars, extreme weather and other disruptive events. While the downside impact of trade disputes and tariffs will remain severe for many, some agriculture sectors will see stronger exports and higher prices. Rising animal protein and dairy exports will be a bright spot for producers in 2020.
“Most current signals indicate the overall domestic economy is on firm footing, thanks almost exclusively to the consumer,” said Dan Kowalski, vice president of CoBank’s Knowledge Exchange division. “However, without a meaningfulU.S.-China trade deal, the U.S. agricultural economy will continue to struggle with uncertainty in 2020.”
The CoBank 2020 outlook report examines 10 key factors that will shape agriculture and market sectors that serve and impact rural communities throughout the U.S.
Global Economy: Less Trade, Slower Growth
After a year of trade tensions, declining GDP and the slowest global economic growth since the depths of the financial crisis, the world’s leading economies hope to turn the page in 2020. The prognosis, however, offers little to support such optimism. Consumer strength the world over has prevented further slowing in the global economy. The direction and severity of the U.S.-China trade dispute will continue to have the most significant influence on the world economy in 2020. A leveling off of trade tensions would allow global economic growth to bottom out in early 2020 before showing signs of life later in the year. However, the vulnerable state of the global economy makes it susceptible to contraction if trade conditions worsen.
U.S. Economy: Expansion for Those Left Behind
The U.S. economy will enter 2020 decisively split—powered by a resilient and confident consumer but hamstrung by a risk-averse business sector that has stopped investing. Now that stimulus effects from the 2017 tax reform and the 2018 spending bill have faded, the economic expansion will show its age, losing steam in the coming year. There is evidence that since 2017 more people, including those in rural communities, have broadly shared the benefits of economic growth, despite the continual rise in wealth inequality.
Monetary Policy: Sustain and Prepare
All eyes will be on the central banks as the world inches closer to the end of the longest period of economic growth in history. Japan and Europe are still stimulating their economies with negative interest rates and quantitative easing. After three rate cuts in 2019, the U.S. Federal Reserve is holding a more conservative stance with its target rate near 1.5%. China has the most room to maneuver with its short-term rate just under 3%. All these accommodative stances are made possible because inflation remains inexplicably low despite tightening labor markets. Federal Reserve Chair Powell’s role in 2020 is to keep the late stage expansion going while simultaneously preparing for the recession that will arrive sooner or later.
U.S. Government – Policy and Trade Up in the Air
Agricultural policy at the federal level has been wrought with uncertainty and volatility. The trade environment for 2020 remains hazy as well. Beyond a possible U.S.-China phase one deal, more progress with China will be a challenge. As a result, it is difficult to see trade as a bright spot in 2020. The atmosphere in Washington today has given way to progress on agricultural labor legislation and the USMCA. But a protracted partisan fight over impeachment is on tap in the Senate. This rancor makes it difficult to advance legislation that helps agriculture, which would give either side a win for the hotly contested 2020 election. Market Facilitation Program payments to farmers helped make up for persistently low commodity prices in the last year.
U.S. Farm Economy – Trade Uncertainty Lingers
Without a substantive U.S.-China trade deal, the U.S. agricultural economy will continue to struggle with trade uncertainty in 2020 as questions linger as to whether USDA will continue to soften the blow of the trade war for farmers and ranchers with government payments. Amid persistently low commodity prices and rising costs, U.S. farmers and ranchers continue to struggle with low and declining working capital. Farm debt, already at record levels, is expected to continue climbing, as credit quality in farm loans declines, particularly for grain and dairy producers. However, stable farm real estate values have helped farmers. The resiliency of farmland values, despite the steep drop in net farm income over the years, has allowed farmers to restructure debt and address tight cash flow and liquidity crunches.
Specialty Crops – Labor and Water in the Spotlight
Fruit, nut, and vegetable markets will continue to face rising production costs in 2020 due to mounting regulations, particularly as they relate to controls over groundwater in California. Regulations under the state’s Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) are about to go into effect and could potentially cause acreage shifts between crops of varying water needs. Other government action in 2020 could have a favorable impact on specialty crop growers. The Farm Workforce Modernization Act currently being debated in Congress is a hopeful sign for an improved regulatory environment for agricultural labor. If passed, it would help ease the tight labor supply plaguing agriculture.
Grain, Farm Supply and Biofuels – Time to Transform
Challenges for the grain sector will persist in 2020, fueled by commodity price pressure, policy uncertainty and export weakness amid growing global supply abundance, especially for corn and soybeans. U.S. wheat producers and exporters, though, may benefit from an improved export pace in 2020 with the Russian wheat crop struggling. Biofuels also face challenges in 2020. U.S. ethanol production, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, is expected to fall by 1.9% in 2019 to 15.8 billion gallons and remain flat in 2020. The outlook for farm supply companies is mixed and continues to be heavily influenced by weather. To improve its value proposition, this sector is actively pursuing vertical and horizontal consolidation.
Dairy and Animal Protein – Exporting Your Way to Success
With dairy and animal protein production looking toward another year of increased production in 2020, a rebound in exports will be critical to profitability in both sectors. Per capita consumption of animal protein in the U.S. will likely set a new record in 2019. Overall dairy consumption in the U.S. will remain strong in 2020 as Americans continue eating more cheese and butter, but fluid milk will likely continue its long-term decline. Strong demand and rising exports, though, will not erase financial stress at the farm level. Producers of beef, pork, poultry, and dairy will likely experience stress from higher feed costs due to lower crop yields this fall.
Rural Electricity – Demand Grows for Cleaner, Lower-Cost Power
Companies throughout the electricity supply chain are likely to face heightened, simultaneous demands for cleaner and less expensive power generation in 2020. These pressures reflect the intense popular concern about climate change, wealth and income inequality, and slowing economic growth—three issues which Americans rank as equally important in recent polling. In many rural communities, these concerns are likely to manifest in more numerous and more vehement calls for greater renewable power generation. For utilities, the task of justifying multi-million dollar expenditures on new renewable resources will be easier in 2020 as the unsubsidized costs of solar, wind, battery energy storage, and flexible natural gas-fired resources continue to decline.
Rural Communications – Investors Have Come to Buy
Rural and regional telecommunications operators will become targets in 2020 for investors and strategic buyers as the pool of available mid-sized fiber transport companies dries up. Demand for these companies has been so strong that valuations are reaching levels that were unthinkable a few years ago. Mergers and acquisition activity in rural markets should be brisk as the growth in data traffic offers attractive returns for investors, and opportunities for strategic buyers to gain scale and access to new markets. 2020 will also bring the launch of the Rural Digital Opportunity Fund (RDOF), the latest broadband incentive program from the Federal Communications Commissions and its largest effort to close the urban-rural digital divide.
CoBank is a $136 billion cooperative bank serving vital industries across rural America. The bank provides loans, leases, export financing and other financial services to agribusinesses and rural power, water and communications providers in all 50 states. The bank also provides wholesale loans and other financial services to affiliated Farm Credit associations serving more than 70,000 farmers, ranchers and other rural borrowers in 23 states around the country.
CoBank is a member of the Farm Credit System, a nationwide network of banks and retail lending associations chartered to support the borrowing needs of U.S. agriculture, rural infrastructure and rural communities. Headquartered outside Denver, Colorado, CoBank serves customers from regional banking centers across the U.S. and also maintains an international representative office in Singapore.
Alberta Becomes Second Province to Implement Biosimilar Switching Initiative
TORONTO, Dec. 12, 2019 /CNW/ - Biosimilars Canada, a national association representing Canada's biosimilar medicines industry, today congratulated the Government of Alberta for becoming the second province in Canada to implement a biosimilar "switching" or transitioning program.
Biosimilars are therapeutically equivalent to originator biologic drugs and are becoming an increasingly important part of patient care across Canada as public and private drug plans implement policies to expand their use. Patients with chronic diseases typically use a biologic medicine for many years, and biosimilars cannot fully contribute to health care sustainability unless these patients are switched or transitioned to biosimilar medicines.
Today's announcement comes six months after British Columbia became the first province in Canada to require eligible patients to switch from an originator biologic drug to a biosimilar biologic drug. Insurers such as Pacific Blue Cross and Green Shield Canada also encourage the switch to biosimilars.
"The decisions of the Alberta and British Columbia governments to implement biosimilar switching initiatives demonstrate continued confidence in biosimilars as a way to manage costs while supporting positive patient outcomes," said Jim Keon, President of Biosimilars Canada. "Switching to biosimilar treatments is the responsible choice for drug programs, and it is time for other provinces to bring the benefits of biosimilar switching programs to their patients, health care providers and taxpayers."
Biologic medicines have revolutionized the treatment and prevention of many disabling and life-threatening diseases over the past 50 years, but they are also very expensive and are a significant driver of increasing prescription drug costs. Just 1.7 per cent of Canadian prescriptions were filled with biologic drugs in 2018, yet the cost of these prescriptions represented 29.9 per cent of Canada's total prescription drug costs that year.
Switching from an originator biologic drug to a biosimilar is a safe and effective practice. Health Canada confirms that "patients and health care providers can have confidence that biosimilars are effective and safe for each of their authorized indications, and that no differences are expected in efficacy and safety following a change in routine use between a biosimilar and its reference biologic drug in an authorized indication."1
Biosimilars Canada looks forward to working with the Government of Alberta to ensure the successful implementation of its biosimilars initiative.
About Biosimilar Medicines2 A biosimilar biologic drug, or biosimilar, is a biologic drug that is highly similar to a biologic drug that was already authorized for sale. Biosimilars are manufactured to the same regulatory standards as other biologic drugs and are authorized after a scientific evaluation by Health Canada. Biosimilars are authorized by Health Canada for the indications listed in the Product Monograph. Patients and health care providers can have confidence that biosimilars are effective and safe for each of their authorized indications. No differences are expected in efficacy and safety following a change in routine use between a biosimilar and its reference biologic drug in an authorized indication.
_______________________________
2 Ibid.
About Biosimilars Canada Biosimilars Canada is a national association representing the biosimilar medicines industry in Canada. Its member companies are at the forefront of the global development and marketing of biosimilar medicines. Biosimilar medicines are approved by Health Canada as being as safe and efficacious as their reference biologic drugs, and are developed to the same quality standards. Biosimilar medicines present a significant opportunity to embrace cutting-edge therapies while addressing the cost-effectiveness demands on healthcare systems in Canada. Biosimilars Canada is a division of the Canadian Generic Pharmaceutical Association. Visit us at www.biosimilarscanada.ca.
SOURCE Biosimilars Canada
Deadly ‘superbugs’ destroyed by molecular drills Rice, Texas A&M-led research shows motors kill bacteria, revive some antibacterial drugs
HOUSTON – (Dec. 12, 2019) – Molecular drills have gained the ability to target and destroy deadly bacteria that have evolved resistance to nearly all antibiotics. In some cases, the drills make the antibiotics effective once again.
Researchers at Rice University, Texas A&M University, Biola University and Durham (U.K.) University showed that motorized molecules developed in the Rice lab of chemist James Tour are effective at killing antibiotic-resistant microbes within minutes.
“These superbugs could kill 10 million people a year by 2050, way overtaking cancer,” Tour said. “These are nightmare bacteria; they don’t respond to anything.”
The motors target the bacteria and, once activated with light, burrow through their exteriors.
While bacteria can evolve to resist antibiotics by locking the antibiotics out, the bacteria have no defense against molecular drills. Antibiotics able to get through openings made by the drills are once again lethal to the bacteria.
The researchers reported their results in the American Chemical Society journal ACS Nano.
Tour and Robert Pal, a Royal Society University Research Fellow at Durham and co-author of the new paper, introduced the molecular drills for boring through cells in 2017. The drills are paddlelike molecules that can be prompted to spin at 3 million rotations per second when activated with light.
Tests by the Texas A&M lab of lead scientist Jeffrey Cirillo and former Rice researcher Richard Gunasekera, now at Biola, effectively killed Klebsiella pneumoniae within minutes. Microscopic images of targeted bacteria showed where motors had drilled through cell walls.
“Bacteria don’t just have a lipid bilayer,” Tour said. “They have two bilayers and proteins with sugars that interlink them, so things don't normally get through these very robust cell walls. That’s why these bacteria are so hard to kill. But they have no way to defend against a machine like these molecular drills, since this is a mechanical action and not a chemical effect.”
The motors also increased the susceptibility of K. pneumoniae to meropenem, an antibacterial drug to which the bacteria had developed resistance. “Sometimes, when the bacteria figures out a drug, it doesn’t let it in,” Tour said. “Other times, bacteria defeat the drug by letting it in and deactivating it.”
He said meropenem is an example of the former. “Now we can get it through the cell wall,” Tour said. “This can breathe new life into ineffective antibiotics by using them in combination with the molecular drills.”
Gunasekera said bacterial colonies targeted with a small concentration of nanomachines alone killed up to 17% of cells, but that increased to 65% with the addition of meropenem. After further balancing motors and the antibiotic, the researchers were able to kill 94% of the pneumonia-causing pathogen.
Tour said the nanomachines may see their most immediate impact in treating skin, wound, catheter or implant infections caused by bacteria — like staphylococcus aureus MRSA, klebsiella or pseudomonas — and intestinal infections. “On the skin, in the lungs or in the GI tract, wherever we can introduce a light source, we can attack these bacteria,” he said. “Or one could have the blood flow through a light-containing external box and then back into the body to kill blood-borne bacteria.”
“We are very much interested in treating wound and implant infections initially,” Cirillo said. “But we have ways to deliver these wavelengths of light to lung infections that cause numerous mortalities from pneumonia, cystic fibrosis and tuberculosis, so we will also be developing respiratory infection treatments.”
Gunasekera noted bladder-borne bacteria that cause urinary tract infections may also be targeted.
The paper is one of two published by the Tour lab this week that advance the ability of microscopic nanomachines to treat disease. In the other, which appears in ACS Applied Materials Interfaces, researchers at Rice and the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center targeted and attacked lab samples of pancreatic cancer cells with machines that respond to visible rather than the previously used ultraviolet light. “This is another big advance, since visible light will not cause as much damage to the surrounding cells,” Tour said.
Former Texas A&M postdoctoral fellow Don Thushara Galbadage, now an associate professor of public health at Biola, is lead author of the bacteria paper. Co-authors are postdoctoral researcher Dongdong Liu and research scientist Lawrence Alemany of Rice. Tour is the T.T. and W.F. Chao Chair in Chemistry as well as a professor of computer science and of materials science and nanoengineering at Rice. Cirillo is a Regents’ Professor and director of Texas A&M’s Center for Airborne Pathogen Research and Tuberculosis Imaging. Gunasekera is associate dean of academic and research affairs of the School of Science, Technology and Health and professor of biological sciences and biochemistry at Biola.
The research was supported by the Discovery Institute, the Welch Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, the U.K.'s Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council and the Royal Society University Research Fellowship.
An illustration shows how motorized nanomachines triggered by light drill into bacteria, making a path for antibiotics. Experiments showed the bacteria became susceptible again to the antibiotic meropenem, to which it had developed resistance. (Credit: Don Thushara Galbadage/Biola University)
A Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria exposed to motorized nanomachines invented at Rice University and the antibiotic meropenem shows signs of damage in a transmission electron microscope image. The yellow arrows show areas of cell wall disruptions, while the purple arrow shows where cytoplasm has escaped from the cell. (Credit: Don Thushara Galbadage/Texas A&M)
A Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria exposed to motorized nanomachines invented at Rice University and the antibiotic meropenem shows signs of damage in a transmission electron microscope image. The yellow arrows show areas of cell wall disruptions, the purple arrow shows where cytoplasm has escaped from the cell, and the red arrow shows cytoplasmic leakage. (Credit: Don Thushara Galbadage/Texas A&M)
Located on a 300-acre forested campus in Houston, Rice University is consistently ranked among the nation’s top 20 universities by U.S. News & World Report. Rice has highly respected schools of Architecture, Business, Continuing Studies, Engineering, Humanities, Music, Natural Sciences and Social Sciences and is home to the Baker Institute for Public Policy. With 3,962 undergraduates and 3,027 graduate students, Rice’s undergraduate student-to-faculty ratio is just under 6-to-1. Its residential college system builds close-knit communities and lifelong friendships, just one reason why Rice is ranked No. 1 for lots of race/class interaction and No. 4 for quality of life by the Princeton Review. Rice is also rated as a best value among private universities by Kiplinger’s Personal Finance.
More efficient influenza vaccines needed as flu seasons start earlier and last longer, says GlobalData
The current 2019-2020 US influenza season has already begun, despite the 2018-2019 season having ended in May. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is reporting high influenza-like illness (ILI) activity for many southern US states, and disease activity is quickly ramping up throughout the rest of the country. While manufacturers claim that 169 million doses of influenza vaccine will be available for the current season, AstraZeneca’s FluMist, a live-attenuated vaccine that has an intranasal route of administration and is popular with the pediatric population, has very limited availability due to production problems. Less than 800,000 doses will be available in the US, representing about one-third of the number of doses available last year, says GlobalData, a leading data and analytics company.
Philipp Rosenbaum, Infectious Diseases Analyst at GlobalData, comments: “The elderly are the most vulnerable population affected by influenza-related complications and deaths, and conventional trivalent and quadrivalent egg-based vaccines have a lower efficacy in this population as advanced age is often associated with a weakened immune system.
“There are two currently marketed vaccines specifically indicated for the patient segment aged 65 years and older, the Seqirus’ adjuvanted vaccine Fluad trivalent and Sanofi’s Fluzone High-Dose trivalent.”
A recent study from Insight Therapeutics in collaboration with Case Western Reserve University, Brown University and Seqirus in US nursing homes found that Fluad was more effective in reducing the risk of hospitalization due to influenza-related complications (such as pneumonia) than standard trivalent influenza vaccines. A total of 50,012 residents from 823 nursing homes were randomized to receive Fluad trivalent or a conventional inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine. Preliminary results showed that participants receiving the adjuvanted vaccine were hospitalized in 6% fewer cases than participants receiving the conventional vaccine, showing that Seqirus’ adjuvanted vaccine had measurable benefits.
In October 2019, a quadrivalent formulation of Fluad was approved in Australia, where Seqirus’ parent company CSL Limited is headquartered. It is projected to launch in 2020 in the US and in 2021 in the EU. Additionally, a quadrivalent formulation of Sanofi’s Fluzone High-Dose is projected to be available in the US for the 2020–2021 influenza season. Fluzone High-Dose is much more widely used in the US than in the EU, while the adjuvanted Fluad is more popular in European countries, and Fluzone High-Dose is only approved in the UK for the 2019–2020 influenza season.
Rosenbaum continued: “Issues with seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness are not limited to the elderly, as mismatches between viral strains included in the vaccine and the actually circulating strains commonly occur, affecting all potential influenza vaccine recipients. More than 80% of US influenza vaccines are currently produced in eggs, according to GlobalData’s recent Seasonal Influenza Vaccines: Global Drug Forecast and Market Analysis to 2028 report.”
Egg-based vaccine production is a time-consuming process, so strains included in the vaccine must be chosen up to six months before the start of the influenza season. Furthermore, growing the virus in eggs leads to viral adaptations, further decreasing the match between the viral antigens and circulating viruses. This issue drove the development of egg-free, cell culture-based and recombinant vaccines, such as Seqirus’ Flucelvax and Sanofi’s Flublok, decreasing vaccine production time and minimizing viral adaptation.
Novel influenza vaccines are expected to launch soon, including two quadrivalent vaccines, Medicago’s plant-based virus-like-particle MDG-2271 in 2021 and Novavax’s insect cell-based NanoFlu in 2023.
Rosenbaum added: “NanoFlu will be a particularly interesting product for use in the elderly population, since it combines an egg-free manufacturing method with the use of a plant-based adjuvant. Universal influenza vaccines have the potential to protect against multiple influenza stains for multiple seasons, but are still approximately five to ten years away from launch. Biondvax, FluGen, and Imutex have promising candidates in late-stage clinical development, but in the meantime the CDC emphasizes that it is not too late to get vaccinated as immunization remains the most effective means of influenza prevention.”
Quotes provided by Philipp Rosenbaum, Infectious Diseases Analyst at GlobalData
About GlobalData
4,000 of the world’s largest companies, including over 70% of FTSE 100 and 60% of Fortune 100 companies, make more timely and better business decisions thanks to GlobalData’s unique data, expert analysis and innovative solutions, all in one platform. GlobalData’s mission is to help our clients decode the future to be more successful and innovative across a range of industries, including the healthcare, consumer, retail, financial, technology and professional services sectors.
Canopy Growth Introduces First & Free - A Line of Branded Hemp-Derived CBD Products to the U.S. Market
Canopy Growth's first line of CBD products are available for purchase through e-commerce platform available at www.firstandfree.com
DENVER, Dec. 12, 2019 /CNW/ - Canopy Growth Corporation, USA, LLC (TSX: WEED) (NYSE: CGC) ("Canopy Growth" or the "Company") today announced the launch of First & Free – a hemp-derived CBD product line offered in a variety of formats, including softgels, oil drops and creams. The products will be available for purchase on the company's first e-commerce site: www.firstandfree.com.
Perfected through state-of-the-art technology and rigorous testing, First & Free products are created by extracting and isolating derivatives from the hemp plant to produce pure and consistent CBD formulations that are packaged in easy-to-use formats.
"First & Free marks a new way for US consumers to purchase quality CBD products from a trusted source," said Rade Kovacevic, President, Canopy Growth. "Through state-of-the art extraction methods, strict quality control measures, and scientific research, we are delivering a best-in-class product to the market."
At launch, the First & Free brand will offer the following hemp-derived CBD products:
First & Free Oil Drops
Unflavored 25 mg per mL (750 mg per 30 mL bottle)
Peppermint flavor 25 mg per mL (750 mg per 30 mL bottle)
First & Free Softgels
250 mg CBD carton (10 softgels)
750 mg CBD bottle (30 softgels)
1500 mg CBD bottle (30 softgels)
First & Free Creams*
2500 mg Everyday Cream (CBD Only)
2500 mg Motion Cream (CBD + Arnica)
2500 mg Revitalize Cream (CBD + Capsaicin)
Canopy Growth is committed to selling only high-quality, tested and reliable products, and ensuring it makes no claims unless clinically validated. This means selling First & Free products only in states where permissible under state law in order to ensure compliance with state consumer protection mandates and following the most stringent state laws regarding sale of CBD. The Company is also abiding by existing FDA regulations for manufacturing, labeling and marketing dietary supplements.
Here's to Future (United States made, First & Free CBD) Growth.
* Creamscoming soon
About Canopy Growth Corporation Canopy Growth (TSX:WEED, NYSE:CGC) is a world-leading diversified cannabis, hemp and cannabis device company, offering distinct brands and curated cannabis varieties in dried, oil and Softgel capsule forms, as well as medical devices through Canopy Growth's subsidiary, Storz & Bickel GMbH & Co. KG. From product and process innovation to market execution, Canopy Growth is driven by a passion for leadership and a commitment to building a world-class cannabis company one product, site and country at a time. Canopy Growth has operations in over a dozen countries across five continents.
Canopy Growth's medical division, Spectrum Therapeutics is proudly dedicated to educating healthcare practitioners, conducting robust clinical research, and furthering the public's understanding of cannabis, and has devoted millions of dollars toward cutting edge, commercializable research and IP development. Spectrum Therapeutics sells a range of full-spectrum products using its colour-coded classification Spectrum system as well as single cannabinoid Dronabinol under the brand Bionorica Ethics.
Canopy Growth operates retail stores across Canada under its award-winning Tweed and Tokyo Smoke banners. Tweed is a globally recognized cannabis brand which has built a large and loyal following by focusing on quality products and meaningful customer relationships.
From our historic public listing on the Toronto Stock Exchange and New York Stock Exchange to our continued international expansion, pride in advancing shareholder value through leadership is engrained in all we do at Canopy Growth. Canopy Growth has established partnerships with leading sector names including cannabis icons Snoop Dogg and Seth Rogen, breeding legends DNA Genetics and Green House Seeds, and Fortune 500 alcohol leader Constellation Brands, to name but a few. Canopy Growth operates eleven licensed cannabis production sites with over 10.5 million square feet of production capacity, including over one million square feet of GMP certified production space. For more information visitwww.canopygrowth.com
Notice Regarding Forward Looking Statements This news release contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and "forward-looking information" within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation. Often, but not always, forward-looking statements and information can be identified by the use of words such as "plans", "expects" or "does not expect", "is expected", "estimates", "intends", "anticipates" or "does not anticipate", or "believes", or variations of such words and phrases or state that certain actions, events or results "may", "could", "would", "might" or "will" be taken, occur or be achieved. Forward-looking statements or information involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of Canopy Growth or its subsidiaries to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements or information contained in this news release. Examples of such statements include statements with respect to future product format offerings. Risks, uncertainties and other factors involved with forward-looking information could cause actual events, results, performance, prospects and opportunities to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking information, including the Company's ability to establish and maintain CBD product availability in the US, and such risks contained in the Company's annual information form dated June 25, 2019 and filed with Canadian securities regulators available on the Company's issuer profile on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. Although the Company believes that the assumptions and factors used in preparing the forward-looking information or forward-looking statements in this news release are reasonable, undue reliance should not be placed on such information and no assurance can be given that such events will occur in the disclosed time frames or at all. The forward-looking information and forward-looking statements included in this news release are made as of the date of this news release and the Company does not undertake an obligation to publicly update such forward-looking information or forward-looking information to reflect new information, subsequent events or otherwise unless required by applicable securities laws.
SOURCE Canopy Growth Corporation
Personal Support Workers Rally at Homecare Agency to Avoid a Lockout by the CarePartners Corporation
KITCHENER, ON, Dec. 11, 2019 /CNW/ - Hundreds of frontline healthcare workers and union supporters rally at the CarePartners' corporate head office to fight back against the homecare agency's recent move towards locking out their almost 3,000 personal support workers (PSWs). A lockout by CarePartners could leave thousands of seniors without the daily care they need during the holiday season.
SEIU Healthcare, the union which represents the PSWs at CarePartners, has been working to negotiate a fair deal for workers that would see more PSWs enter the workforce, end the retention crisis, and reduce the backlog that's preventing seniors to receive care at home when they need it.
CarePartners, a for-profit homecare agency with contracts from the Ontario government to schedule homecare services, has been unwilling to negotiate new terms that would end the recruitment and retention crisis created as a result of the corporation's poor wages.
Last week, the CarePartners corporation filed a notice with the Ontario Labour Relations Board that would give them authorization to lock out their employees.
SEIU Healthcare is calling on CarePartners to come back to the bargaining table with a commitment to:
Avoid a cruel lockout that would both leave seniors without the care they need and put PSWs out of work during the holidays;
Pay PSWs a living wage that includes a cost-of-living increase;
Finally end the recruitment and retention crisis so the backlog of seniors waiting for care is eliminated.
QUOTES: "Everyday I hear from more PSWs who are leaving CarePartners because the corporation is unwilling to pay employees enough to support themselves," said Gloria Turney, a CarePartners PSW. "As PSWs we love caring for others, but business executives at CarePartners make it harder and harder for us to stay with this agency."
"For CarePartners' to start the process of locking their PSWs out just weeks before the holidays is disgusting," said SEIU Healthcare President Sharleen Stewart. "These passionate caregivers and the seniors they care for should be looking forward to this special time of year. Instead, they are forced to worry about a lockout that would turn their lives upside down. We are committed to doing whatever it takes to ensure personal support workers and their clients are treated with fairness, dignity and respect. We call on CarePartners to negotiate terms that end their retention failures."
BACKGROUND: Retention issues are having a direct impact on the care that seniors are receiving. SEIU Healthcare recently launched a video about Don and Penny, a husband and wife who rely on CarePartners but have been constantly let down due to the shortage of CarePartners PSWs. The video has over 250,000 views across on social media. (http://www.stuckinthepast.ca)
CarePartners is no stranger to locking their workers out. In early June, CarePartners locked out 29 schedulers in Sudbury. After a 22-week lockout, CarePartners closed the Sudbury office in November, resulting in all 29 positions being moved elsewhere. This recent situation has CarePartners' PSWs and their clients feeling uneasy.
SEIU Healthcare represents more than 60,000 healthcare and community service workers across Ontario. The union's members work in hospitals, homecare, nursing and retirement homes, and community services throughout the province. SEIU Healthcare has a strong track record of improving wages, benefits and working conditions for healthcare workers, supporting the training and development needs of its members, and strengthening standards in the management and delivery of patient and client care. www.seiuhealthcare.ca
SOURCE SEIU Healthcare
Air pollution is breaking our hearts: human and marine health is affected in similar ways
UNDER STRICT EMBARGO UNTIL 01.00 GMT MONDAY 16 DECEMBER 2019
Not for publication or broadcast before this time
Air pollution is associated with detrimental effects on human health, including increased risk of heart disease and stroke. Research published today in The Journal of Physiology by researchers at The University of Manchester shows that the knowledge we have about how pollution harms the hearts of marine species can be applied to humans, as the underlying mechanisms are similar. In other words, knowledge gained from the marine ecosystem might help protect the climate and health of our planet, whilst also helping human health.
Around 11,000 coronary heart disease and stroke deaths in the UK each year are attributable to air pollution, specifically due to particulate matter (PM), or small particles in the air that cause health problems. PM2.5 is one of the finest and most dangerous type of PM, is a compound for which the UK has failed to meet EU limits.
Researchers of this study looked across all vertebrates and particularly focused on a set of compounds that binds to the surface of PM, called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as the amount of PAH on PM is associated with the detrimental affect air pollution has on the heart.
While air pollution is known to be dangerous to humans, it actually only became a widely-researched topic in the past five years or so. In marine species however, the mechanism of how PAH pollution causes heart problems is well understood.
Studies after the 1999 Exxon Valdez oil spill showed that the ecosystem still has not recovered 20 years on. In 2010, research on fish after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, which released large quantities of PAHs into the marine environment, showed that the heart’s ability to contract was impaired.
Dr Holly Shiels, senior author on the study, from The University of Manchester said:
“Pollution affects all of us living on Planet Earth. Due to the conserved nature of cardiac function amongst animals, fish exposed to PAH from oil spills can serve as indicators, providing significant insights into the human health impacts of PAHs and PM air pollution.”
Dr Jeremy Pearson, Associate Medical Director at the British Heart Foundation, which partly funded the research presented in this review, commented:
“We know that air pollution can have a hugely damaging effect on heart and circulatory health, and this review summarises mechanisms potentially contributing to impaired heart function. Reducing air pollution is crucial to protecting our heart health, which is why the BHF is calling on the next Government to commit to reducing air pollution to within WHO limits.”
Notes for Editors
Full paper title: Polyaromatic hydrocarbons in pollution: a heart-breaking matter https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1113/JP278885 (link will only work after the embargo date. Before then, please email the press office for a copy of the paper)
The Journal of Physiology publishes advances in physiology which increase our understanding of how our bodies function in health and disease. http://jp.physoc.org
The Physiological Society brings together over 4,000 scientists from over 60 countries. The Society promotes physiology with the public and parliament alike. It supports physiologists by organising world-class conferences and offering grants for research and also publishes the latest developments in the field in its three leading scientific journals, The Journal of Physiology, Experimental Physiology and Physiological Reports. www.physoc.org
TRAIN IT RIGHT NEWSLETTER
Sign Up and get a free 7 day Train it Right HIIT Program!
